Archive for September, 2011

by more than

Friday, September 30th, 2011

early period, and therefore no difficulty of this kind could have occasioned the abandonment of such a useful project, though Pausanias* is of a different opinion It was always begun with the greatest energy, and abandoned without any plausible motive, as no doubt the quantity of rock or earth to be removed, and all the associated impediments, must have been the subject of previouscalculation And if Demetrius’ was really convinced that the level of the Corinthian gulf was higher than that of the Saronic, and that the adjacent shore, with the neighbouring islands, would be inundated by the union of the two seas, those who came after him would not have persevered in so destructive an undertaking*Sesostris, and afterwards Darius, were in the same manner deterred from finishing a canal from the Red Sea to the Nile, by an apprehension that Egypt would be inundated Dion Cassius tells nearly the same story about digging the Isthmus, as that which is related to travellers at this day He says that blood issued from the ground, that groans and lamentations were heard, and terrible apparitions seen In order to stimulate the perseverance of the people, Nero took a spade and dug himself’ It is not unlikely that the priests of Delphi had some influence in checking the enterprise We know from the testimony of Herodotus and Pausanias, that the Pythia forbad the Gnidians to make a channel through their Isthmus, alleging, that if Jupiter had intended the peninsula to have been an island, he would have made it so originally We know also that an oracle prevented Nechos, king of Egypt, from cutting a canal from the Nile to the Arabic gulfThe ancients appear to have been divided in their opinions concerning the exact breadth of the Isthmus Diodorus and Strabo say, it was forty stadia, and Mela’ five miles Hermolaus Barbarus, calls it Quinquemillium, instead of its usual appellation, Hexamilium Ships were drawn, by means of machinery, from one sea to the other, near the town of Schoenos, over the narrowest part of the Isthmus,which was called Diolkos Pindar* compares the Isthmus to a bridge, over the sea, -roflov? ytQvga-; and Pliny calls it the neck of the Peloponnesos It is denominated Hexamilium by the Byzantine historians; and there is a village, not far from Corinth, which is still called HexamiliaIt is uncertain at what period the Corinthian Isthmus was first fortified with walls which were drawn across it from sea to sea We know, from Herodotus, that, after the death of Leonidas, the Peloponnesians, dreading the Persian invasion, broke up the Skironian way, and built a wall, in haste, across the Isthmus, composed of all kinds of materials which were at hand, as stones, wood, and sandIt was afterwards fortified by the Spartans and Athenians, in the time of Epaminondas Polybius says, that Cleomenes secured the space between the Acrocorinth and the Oneian mountains, with banks and ditches; and Plutarch asserts, that he fortified the passes on the Oneian mountains This bulwark was afterwards frequently destroyed, and as often rebuilt It was restored by the emperor Valerian, to resist a Scythian invasion, and was again rebuilt by Justinian, and fortified with one hundred and fifty-three towers It was probably afterwards left in a ruinous state for some ages; as we hear nothing of its subsequent restoration until the year , when -it was rebuilt by the emperor Manuel PaloeologusIt was repaired,’ twenty-nine years afterwards, by Coustantine Palaeologus, and by the Venetians” in , and fortified with one hundred and thirty-six towers and double trenches; the whole of which work was completed in fifteen days,  , workmen It was again restored by the Venetians in  In the fifteenth century it was three times captured by the Turks; and in , the Venetians seized it, but made an unsuccessful attempt upon Corinth In , Mohamed II took Hexamilium and Corinth from Demetrius, despot of the Morea’

These columns are four feet six inches

Tuesday, September 27th, 2011

other, which passes byi Pausan b  c * Diodor Sic b  c  Small copper coins of Kleonai have been found, with the head of Hercules on one side, and on the reverse KAEU within a wreath There are imperial coins of the same citya Pindar, Nem Od  v -—Plutarch’s life of Aratus Strabo, b  p SSO- Pausan b  c s Clconaeo jam tempora clusus hiatu Alcides Valer Flaccus, Argonaut, b  Deor Generat v  ‘B  c II – ? B  c ^ ? B   Apollodor b  StatTheb b  v Ill,et seq Lactant * B  c Tretos, for carriages We pursued that which leads to Nemea, and found it extremely bad; the rocks, for a considerable way, are curiously hewn into a variety of channelsHaving proceeded thirty-five minutes from the ruins of Kleonai, we came in view of the citadel of Argos, at the distance of several miles to the left; and in thirty-five minutes more had the first view of the temple of the Nemean Jupiter At the entrance of the plain of Nemea, we came to a spring in a rock, with some large stones, and ancient traces in the vicinity This was probably the fountain Langia At the time that Adrastos, King of Argos, was leading his army through Nemea, for the purpose of attacking Thebes, he was overpowered by a burning thirst, and meeting Hypsipile, who had the care of Opheltes, or Archemoros, son of*” Lycurgus, King of Nemea, he made her accompany him to the fountain of Langia In order to avoid all delay, she laid the child upon the ground, but, on her return, found it had been killed by a serpent The fountain, from thence, took the name of Archemoros Pausanias* calls it Adrasteia; and it is singular that he seems ignorant of the origin of this appellationI purchased at Corinth a colonial copper coin of that city, on which is represented the death of Opheltes; on one side is the head of Domitian, CAES DOMITIAN AVG Rev CL I COR a serpent with the child in his mouth, and an armed warrior (Adrastos) attacking it There is another coin of Corinth, of Septimius Severus, with a similar reverseThere was anciently a road from Corinth to Argos called Kontoporeia, and Athenaeus cites Ptolemy in his seventh Book of Commentaries, where he mentions a fountain on that road, the water of which was colder than snow, and consequently dangerous to drink This was probably not the way which passed through Nemea* Apollodor loc cit  In the collection of James Millingen, Esq* Deipnosoph b  c From the fount of Langia we descended to the deep’ Nemean plain, and arrived at the temple in four hours and ten minutes from Corinth As there was no place in the vicinity where we could obtain shelter for the night, we reserved for the next day our examination of the temple, and proceeded an hour and a half further to the village of Kutchukmadi, at which we arrived after traversing some vineyards and olive-groves The country about this place is remarkable for its humidity; and I believe that all the inhabitants, without a single exception, were afflicted with violent colds and coughs, as in England, which surprised me the more, because coughs are unusual in this southern climateThe next morning we returned to the temple at Nemea, of which three columns only are standing; two of which, belonging to the space between the antae, support their architrave These columns are four feet six inches and a half in diameter, and thirty-one feet ten inches and a half in height, exclusive of their capitals The single column is five feet three inches diameter, and belongs to the peristyle The temple was hexastyle and peripteral, and is supposed to have had fourteen columns on the sides The general intercolumniation is seven feet and a half, and those at the angles five feet ten inches and a quarter It stands upon three steps, each of which is one foot two inches in height The capital of the exterior column has been shaken out of its place, and will probably ere long fall to the ground The lower part of the cella remains; the columns have fallen in such regular order that the temple

it is fortunately not without

Monday, September 26th, 2011

greater prejudice against the Persian Shiites, or followers of Aly, than against the Jews and Christians.In some of the Grecian islands the population is divided between the Greek patriarchal church, and that of Rome; amongst whom the most violent and indecent controversies frequently arise. When their dissensions become very furious, the Turks make both parties pay a fine, and then leave them to settle the difference as well as they can. ” Fra due littiganti, il terzo gode.”1The Greeks hold in abomination the numerous statues and paintings resembling life, which are seen in the churches of other countries.I sometimes endeavoured to persuade them that there was no more harm in good paintings, than in the vile daubs which disgrace the churches of Greece, and which are purposely executed without effect of light and shade, in order that they may resemble nothing human or divine. But they affirm that this very circumstance constitutes their merit, as they have no appearance of reality; while, on the contrary, those in Catholic churches are such exact representations of life, that they appear to be breathing realities. “The bolder forms of sculpture in brass or in marble, which peopled the temples of antiquity, are offensive to the fancy or conscience of the Christian Greeks; and a smooth surface of colour has ever been esteemed a more decent and harmless mode of imitation. Your scandalous figures stand quite out from the canvass, they are as bad as a group of statues!” It was thus, says Gibbon, that the ignorance and bigotry of a Greek priest applauded the pictures of Titian, which he had ordered but refused to accept!1 iE sop’s Fable of the kite, the frog, and the mouse.Although the fasts in Greece are remarkably long and severe, yet the fattest and the stoutest people are seen amongst the priests; and their appearance demonstrates that they are well fed. It is. certain that they neither follow the rigid examples of the ancientpriests of Samos, nor of the Hierophants of Athens; in short, their chastity is not proverbial, nor are their morals without a stain!A Greek priest can only marry once; his bride must be a virgin; and he cannot afterwards aspire to a higher dignity in the church than that of proto-papas.A Greek monk, who resided at Preb£sa in Epiros, and who took care of the church of Saint George, which is in the vicinity, used to derive considerable emolument from the religious charity of the Greeks of the surrounding country who visited the church, and paid their devoirsto the miraculous picture on the Saint’s Day. One year it happened to rain incessantly during the whole of the day, so as to suspend the accustomed visits of the numerous devotees. The disappointed monk, having prayed in vain to the Saint to stop the rain, at last in a rage took his picture from the church, and exposed it to the inclemency of the weather, exclaiming, ” I have served you all the year to get a little money on your day; and in return you permit it to rain, and prevent good Christians from saluting you with their homage, and me with their alms. Take therefore the rain for your pains!” Somewhat similar to this is the story in the fable, of one who prayed to Jupiter to assist him in killing a flea; and broke his statue because he did not comply with the request.Nothing is so inimical to the regeneration.of the Greeks, as the overbearing. power, and extreme bigotry and ignorance, of their spiritual pastors, who exercise a double tyranny over the minds and bodies of their flocks; nipping in the bud the force of their native genius, and reducing nature by long and severe mortifications. But, although this is the general failing of the Greek priests, it is fortunately not without some exceptions; aftd there are many of their clergy, who, for humanity, Wisdom, and demotion, would be an honour to any country.Nor must we ever omit this important consideration,—that almost all the faults of the Greeks are owing to their preserit cruel oppression; and that, if under such circumstances, they are not much

deliver one thereofto each of the said trustees respectively

Saturday, September 24th, 2011

the county court, shall withdraw from the bench upon the deciding of the same case before the court of appeals ; and the judges of the court of appeals may appoint the clerks of said court for the western and eastern shores respectively, who shall hold their appointments, during good behaviour, removable only for misbehaviour on conviction in a court of law ; and in case of death, resignation, disqualification, or removal out of the state, or from their respective shores, of either of the said clerks in the vacation of the said court, the governor, with the advice of the council, may appoint and commission a fit and proper person to such vacant office, to hold the same until the next meeting of the said court; and all laws passed after this act shall take effect, shall be recorded in the office of the court of appeals of the western shore. . )faPart of the VL AndBeItEnacted,That all and even’ part of the constitution constitution and form of government which relates to the court repealed. Qfappeajs anci tne general court, or the judges thereof, or that is in any manner repugnant to, or inconsistent with, the provisions of this act, be and the same is hereby repealed, abrogated and annulled, upon die confirmation hereof; provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed so as to authorize the removal of the clerks of the respective county courts, being in commission at the time oi the passing of this act, in any other mode or manner than that prescribed by the constitution and form of government.VII. AndBkItUnacted,That if this act shall be confirmed by the general assembly, alter the next election of delegates, in the first session after such new election, as the constitution and form of government directs, that in such case this act, and the alterations and amendments of the constitution and form of government therein contained, shall be taken and considered, and shall constitute and be valid, as a part of the said constitu1 of government, to all intents and purposes, any constitution and form of government to theNovember, 1804. CHAK LVIII.If confirmed,this act to bea part of theconstitution.act was confirmed by 1805, ch. 16.Facts relating to the administration of justice, 1805, ch. 65.CHAP. LVIII.^FlU^ier supplement to an act,entitled, An act forIs ttvnreUef °fthe poor of Cascil county. 1787, ch 18.Enacted,by the General Assembly of Maryland, :the office of the present trustees of the poor of anty shall cease and be at an end on the first Monday text, and the appointment of the trustees of the poor county shall, from and after the first Monday of April next, be vested in the levy court of said county.SLAndBeItEnacted,That the levy court of Caecil county shall be and they are hereby authorized and required, —c-jjmeetmg m April next, and at their first meeting in of April in each succeeding year thereafter, to apand proper persons, qualified agreeably to die provisions of the original act, and the supplement thereto, and of this act, to be trustees of the poor of the said county from and after the first Monday of May next.BeItEnacted,That it shall be the duty of the: said court, within five days after such appointment,i the like time after any future appointments to be s of this act, to make out and deliver to the sher-iff of the said county a certificate of the appointment of each ofthe said trustees so appointed, or to be appointed, endorsing! of the said certificates for each of them respectively, which ! sheriff shall, within six days thereafter, deliver one thereofto each of the said trustees respectively, and it shall thereupontrustees, so appointed and notified accept thereof, (under the any person ap-?Office of present trustees to.Levy court to appointnually.Clerk to make outcertificates to be delivered by the sheriff’ to those appointed Trustee?November,pointed a trustee of the poor in virtue of the said act for wilfully 1804. refusing or delaying to take upon him the duties of the said CHAP. office,) to meet on the said first Monday of May next ensuingL’v

of a hundred pounds

Friday, September 23rd, 2011

and a good many hard white pebbles are imbedded in it, yet the walls would certainly have looked better in their natural colour. The truth is, the buildings were both originally unpainted; but the unceremonious usage which they received from our troops at the capture of the city, so effectually begrimmed their visages that it was found impossible to eradicate the defilement. To have demolished and rebuilt the walls, would have been a very costly expedient, and as the least of two evils, the painter’s brush was resorted to; here and there however, above some of the windows, the black wreathings of the smoke are still discernible through the white covering.Of all the errors committed on our part during that unhappy war, this was undoubtedly one of the greatest. Setting aside the question as to its abstract defensibility, on the ground of retaliation or otherwise, it is obvious that it was in the highest degree impolitic; because its immediate effect, as might have been anticipated, was to break down party spirit among the Americans, and to unite them as one man in support of the measures of their government. The firebrand was no sooner applied to their Chief Magistrate’s Palace, and the National Senate House, than thousands who had from the beginning maintained a systematic opposition to the contest, at once came forward and took up arms to maintain it; their national feelings were roused into powerful excitement, andthey joined in one loud voice of execration at the destruction of their national edifices. Our ministers, had such been their object, could not have devised a more effectual way of strengthening Mr. Madison’s hands. Had our troops recorded their triumph upon the front of the buildings, and left them uninjured, the indignant feeling of humiliation would have wreaked itself on those by whose imbecility the capture of the city had been occasioned, and who escaped so nimbly when it fell into the enemy’s hands. But the burning of the buildings saved Mr. Madison; a thirst for revenge of the insult overcame every other feeling, and the war became thenceforward, what it had not been before, decidedly popular and national.No more than the wings of the Capitol had been completed when the city was captured. They have risen from their ashes, and are again roofed in; the centre also is beginning to appear above the ground. Each wing is pretty nearly square, and consists of a basement and principal story, surmounted with a low circular dome bearing a small lantern. The basement is rusticated, and between the windows of the principal story is a row of Corinthian pilasters. The centre is to resemble the wings in its general features, but will project considerably beyond them. The building wants simplicity very much.The House of Representatives will occupy a magnificent hall in the right wing of the building. The Speaker’s chair is to be placed near the wall, and the seats and desks of the members will be disposed in semicircular lines round it, rising as they recede. Beyond the members’ seats will be an extensive gallery for spectators. Twenty-two splendid Corinthian columns with corresponding pilasters are to surround the outline of the semicircle, and the wall behind the Speaker’s chair. Part of these are already erected. The shaft of the columns is of a kind of puddingstone from the banks of the Potowmak, composed of numerous pebbles of various sizes and colours, and admitting of a good polish. The capitals, which were executed in Italy, are of white marble, and it is said cost upwards of a hundred pounds sterling each. The appropriate foliage of this splendid order is most exquisitely elaborated. I am disposed to think, however, that had the columns been altogether of white marble, the effect would have been much more pleasing. As the workmen are still busy with this hall, I am unable to be more minute in my description.Among a multitude of workmen who are now employed on the building, I chanced to enter into conversation with an Irish marble cutter, who has been here for some

made a perpetual lien thereupon

Thursday, September 22nd, 2011

credited to the general fund required from such township, precinct, incorporated city, or village, before such tax list is extended, until the same shall be fully reimbursed. [1875 § 1, 110.]8ec.2. [Assessment of certain property for taxation.]That at the time the county commissioners furnish the assessor with blank forms and notices necessary for the proper assessment of the property in the several precincts, they shall also furnish the assessor of each township, precinct, incorporated city, or village with a list of all the property in such township, precinct, incorporated city, or village for which such bonds have been issued; and the assessor shall assess such property separately, and enter the same in a separate book, provided for that purpose; Provided, however,That railroads shall be assessed as now provided in section seventeen of chapter sixty-six of the general statues, entitled ft Eevenue.” [Id. § 2.]Sec.8. [Revenues to be kept in a separate fund.]The treasurer having control of such revenues shall keep the same in a separate fund for the purpose aforesaid. [Id. § 8.}Sec.4. [Sale of lands of less value than the taxes due.]Whenever it shall appear to the county commissioners of any county, that any tract of land, or town or city lot in such county is of less value than the amount of taxes due upon it, it shall be their duty, at any meeting after said land or lot shall have been offered for sale and not sold for want of bidders, to fix a minimum price for the same, and certify the price so fixed to the county treasurer, and such land or lot shall be sold by said treasurer as other lands and lots are sold at “private sale,” at not less than said minimum price, irrespective of the amount of taxes due upon it; and such sale shall convey the title to the said tract or parcel of land, divestedExes. 1-3. An act setting aside the revenue arising from the taxation of works of internal improvement to par the bonds issued to construct or complete the same.” Laws 1875, 110. Took effect February 20, 1875. Assessment of railroad property, see ante p. 407.Sacs. 4-5. “Anact concerning the sale of lands for the non-payment of taxes.” Laws 1S75, 93. Took sdsetFtb. 25,1875of all liability for any arrearages of taxes or penalty which may remain after applying the amount for which it was held thereon. [1875 § 1, 93.]Sec.5. [Redemption.]All lands and lots so sold shall be subject to redemption, and the purchaser thereof shall acquire title thereto in the same manner as other lands sold at tax sale in this state. [Id. § 2.]Sec.6. [Taxes deposited in suits brought to restrain collection.] That in all suits heretofore or hereafter to be brought in any court to enjoin the collection of taxes in which the plaintiff may have deposited in court the amount of the tax or a part thereof in controversy to abide the final determination of the suit, and such final determination shall be in favor of the collection of the tax or a part thereof, the treasurer’s defendant shall receive and receipt for such moneys; Provided,There shall first be paid to the attorney or attorneys for the defendant or defendants their costs, disbursements, and fees incurred in the defense of the suit and in case of a controversy in regard to such fee, then the amount claimed by such attorney or attorneys shall be retained by said clerk until the court shall have determined the amount, which such amount shall be paid over to such attorney or attorneys. [1875 § 1, 108.]Sec.7. [Lien of taxes on railroad property.]That taxes upon any and all railroads in this state, including road bed, right of way, depots, sidetracks, ties and rails, now constructed or hereafter to be constructed, are hereby , commencing from the first day of March in each current year, against all claims or demands whatsoever of all persons or bodies corporate, except the United States and this state, and the above described property, or any part thereof, may be taken and held for the payment of all the taxes assessed against said railroad company in the several counties in this state.

Panama

Wednesday, September 21st, 2011

the duty of the executive to conform to existing laws and policy. It is admitted that if the appointment be directed by law, there is no choice; but be understood his colleague (Mr. Ingham,) to assert the application of a rule of judgment, which he was sure, upon deliberate consideration, he (Mr. I.) would see to be unjust, ?infinitely mischievous and dangerous. He was understood to say, that even where the act was lawful, he would inquire into the intention, the quo animo.He would appeal to his colleague, if this mode of judging was not the root of incalculable mischief and injustice. A man performs his duty, walks cautiously, is, if you please a religious man some one chooses to inquire into the quo animo, and pronounces him a hypocrite.[Mr. Ingham explained. He did not say that he would apply that rule. He had said it would be applied elsewhere.]Mr. Sergeant said he accepted the explanation of his colleague, whom he should be sorry to misunderstand. No doubt he meant that it was not a rule which, as a member of the House, he would apply here; But he submitted to him that it was unsafe and uncharitable every where. He had the sanction of the House for saying it was unjust. The first rule we arc obliged to adopt is, that no member shall be at liberty to impeach another member’s intention. Upon what grounds the people of this country would decide the question now pending .before them, he would not now inquirehe would not say a single word. As one of the people, lie had his rights, which at proper times and on proper occasions he would freely exercise.Some particular instances have been more or less alluded to in the debate. Among the rest, was the mission to England. It was said the minister had returned re infecla,and of course it must have been meant that there was all the expense of the mission without any corresponding benefit. What was the fact ? The hand of sickness had fallen upon the minister, as it may upon any of usit may now be upon some of usand incapacitated him to perform the duty. Can this be matter of charge against any body ?[Mr. Randolph explained. He expressed his deep regret for .that gentleman, (Mr. King,) and declared that the words did not import any reflection upon him, nor attach any blame to him.]Mr. Sergeant proceeded. They were not so understood. He was sure that the gentleman from Virginia did not mean to say one unkind or reproachful word of Mr. King. The allusion to the unproductiveness of the mission had come from another quarter, and he (Mr. S.) had adopted the phrase used by the gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Randolph.) It was his (Mr. S.’s) object to show that no one was to blame for the issue, neither he who undertook the mission, nor those who appointed him. Of that eminent man, all know something, but few of us, probably, know the full extent and measure of his services to his country. He confessed that he had himself been ignorant till within a few days past, when he was led into an inquiry which discovered to him a length and magnitude of public service beyond what he had before known or supposed. With regard to his age, it was sufficient to say, that he had just left the Senate, when he was appointed to England, and that body afterwards approved the nomination. He was not so old as Franklin was when he left this country for France, and Franklin served his country faithfully and ably as their minister for eight years and a half. [Mr. Randolphwas here understood to say" there could not have been a better choice."]Of that mission, he said, which had also been alluded to, in which he had the honour to have a part, the mission to Panama, he should always have difficulty in speaking, for very obvious reasons. At this time, it was impossible he should enter into the subject, because the mission was still pending, in the hands of our minister at Mexico. He would say, however, in reply to the allegations which had been made against it, that the mission had the clear sanction of all the branches of the government.

sa board of trustees

Tuesday, September 20th, 2011

, made on the litor of the state, which sa order shall recite the amount of funds then in the s of the treasurer of sa board, and the amount necessary to defray the rases of the ensuing month, and thereupon the, auditor shall draw his warrant the state treasurer in favor of the treasurer of sa board for the amount shown to be necessary for the sa monthly expenses of sa instutition6Sec Who admittedReport of county superintendentblind persons resent of this state, of suitable age and capacity, shall be itled to an education in this institution, at the expense of the state Each nty superintendent of common schools shall report to the principal of the i’ution for the blind, on the first day of April of each year, the name, age, dence, and post office address of every blind person, and every person blind ueh an extent as to be unable to acquire an education in the common schools,who rese in the county in which ne is superintendent   7 JCHAPTER  InsuranceCompaniesSection How formedThat hereafter, when any number of persons x;iate themselves together for the purpose of forming an insurance company, any other purpose than life insurance, under the provisions of chapter twentyof the Revision of 866, and all acts amendatory and supplementary thereto, fshall publish a notice of sirch intention once in each week, for four weeks, in le public newspaper in the county in which such insurance company is prowl to be located; and they shall also make a certificate under their hand, speciig the name assumed by such company and by which it shall be known, the set for which sa company shall be formed, the amount of its capital stock,the place where the principal office of sa company shall be located, which ificate shall be acknowledged before and certified by some notary public or kof court- of record, and forwarded to the auditor of state, who shall submit the le to the attorney general of state for examination, and if it shall be found by the >mey general of state to be in accordance with the provisions of this act, and in conflict with the constitution and laws of the United States and this state, ihall make certificate of the facts, and return it to the auditor of state, who shall ct the name or title applied for by any company when he shall deem the samesimilar to any one already appropriated oy any other company, or likely to lead the public GS 9Sec When organizedWhen the sa certificate of the sa comiy shall have received the approval of the attorney of state and auditor of state, sa company shall cause the same to be recorded as now required by law for rding articles of incorporation; and sa persons, when incorporated, and ing in all respects complied with the provisions of this act, are hereby authorl to carry on the business of insurance, as named in such certificate of incoration, and by the name and style proved therein, and shall be deemed a y corporate with succession, they and their associates, successors, and assigns, uive the same general corporate powers, and be subject to all the obligations  restrictions of sa chapter twenty-five of the Revision of 866, and of such may be amendatoiy or supplementary, except as may be herein otherwise tedSfx8 Capital requiredNo joint-stock company shall be incorpord under the provision or this act, with a smaller capital than one hundred usand dollars, nor more than one million dollars, as may be specified in theNora”An act regulating imurance companies”  lti antecertificate of incorporation, which stock shall be dived into shares of one hundred dollars each, of which capital, at least fifty per cent, shall be fully pa up in cash, and that for the remainder of its capital there are in its possession notes of its stockholders, secured by at least one surety or by mortgages on unincumbered real estate, within this state, worth at least twice the amount of such notes, which notes or other security shall be approved by the state

October

Friday, September 16th, 2011

refuse payment of fees to any officer who will not make out a bill of particulars, signed by him, if required, and also a receipt or discharge signed by him for fees paid.Sec.88. [Items.]No sheriff, coroner, or constable shall be entitled to receive on mesneor final process, any fees provided for in this chapter, unless he shall return upon the process upon which any charge shall be made, the particular items of such charge.Sec.84. [Penalty.]If any officer whatever, whose fees are hereinbefore expressed and limited, shall take greater fees than are so hereinbefore limited and expressed, for any service to be done by him in his office, or if any such officer shall charge or demand, and take any of the fees hereinbefore ascertained and limited, where the business for such fees are chargeable shall not be actually done and performed, such officer shall forfeit and pay to the party injured, fifty dollars, to be recovered as debts of the same amount are recoverable by law.Sec.85. [Tables to be posted.]All officers, whose fees are by this chapter determined, are hereby required to make fair tables of their respective fees, and keep the same in their respective offices in some conspicuous place, for the inspection of all persons who shall have business in said offices; and if any such officer shall neglect to keep a table of fees in his office as aforesaid, such officer shall, for each day of such neglect so to keep a table of fees of his office,Sao. 29. Section is constitutional. 17 Neb. 334.BBC. 31. Plaintiff and defendant primarily liable. 12 Nab. 244.Sec.34. Section is constitutional. 9 Neb. 184. Mistake or ignorance no defense. 11 Neb. 160. County courts have jurisdiction under this Bection. 19 Neb. 529.forfeit and pay the sum of five dollars, to be recovered by action at law, before any justice of the peace, for the use of the county in which the offense shall have been committed.Sec.36. [Bailiffs.]It shall be the duty of the district court, at each term of court, to appoint a competent number of bailiffs to wait on the grand jury and court during the term, who shall be allowed for their services two dollars per day, to be paid by the county.Sec.87. [Revenue stamps.]All officers whose fees are hereinbefore limited, and expenses are allowed, may charge and demand as hereinbefore allowed, the price of all United States revenue stamps required to be used in the discharge of their official duties, and the same shall be taxed with costs, as in other cases of fees.Sec.38. [Oath.]Every officer, whose salary is in the nature of a per diem, shall, before drawing any money on account of such salary, subscribe an oath or affirmation in the following form:I, A. B., do solemnly swear (or affirm), that I have been days necessarily anddiligently engaged in the duties of my office as (insert title of officer.)Attest by (Officer’s name.)Any disbursing officer of this state who shall pay any portion of the salary of any officer aforesaid before such oath or affirmation is subscribed, shall forfeit to this state the sum of fifty dollars, which forfeiture may be sued for by any tax-payer.UNCLAIMED WITNESS FEES.Sec.89. [Notice.]That in all cases where witness fees shall be paid to the clerk of the district court, county judge, or justice of the peace, in pursuance of judgment of any of said courts, and shall remain in their or either of their hands uncalled for by the parties entitled thereto for the period of six months after the same have been paid in as aforesaid, it shall be the duty of the said clerk, county judge and justice of the peace, to prepare a list under oath of the causes in which said fees have been paid and remain uncalled for, with the amounts in each cause and the date of judgment, and present and file the same with the county commissioners of the respective counties on the first Tuesday in January, April, July andin each year; and it shall be the duty of said county commissioners, within twenty days after the filing of said report, to cause a notice to be published in some weekly newspaper of general circulation published in the county, for at least

The court of probate

Thursday, September 15th, 2011

who shall have refused or failed to comply with the provisions of this act.CHAPTER 84.GuardiansAndWards.Section1. [Minors.]All male children under twenty-one, and all females raider eighteen years of age, are declared to be minors; but in case a female marries between the age of sixteen and eighteen, her minority ends. [R. S. 178. G.8. 396.1Sec.2. [Guardians.]The court of probate in each county, when it shall appear to him necessary or convenient, may appoint guardians to minors and others, being inhabitants or residents in the same county, and also to such as shall reside without the state, and have an estate within the same.Sec.8. [Appointment.]  If the minor is under the age of fourteen years, the court of probate may appoint his guardian, and if he is above the age of fourteen years, he may nominate his own guardian, who, if approved by the court, shall be appointed accordingly.Sec.4. [Same.]If the guardian nominated by such minor shall not be approved by the court, or if the minor shall reside out of the state